Personal Statement for applying postgraduate Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

For applying postgraduate - Personal Statement Example My passion with numbers will be utilised fully when I am able to attain a better qualification with an advanced institution that places the needs of the students at the forefront as I seek to raise my viability in the job market. I am proud of my achievements so far and I continue to advance my skills at all levels to ensure that I attain my goals soonest possible. I also have a chance to expand on my skills by gaining entrance into a prestigious university like university of Birmingham. The important goal is to create a platform that will enable me as a student to maintain excellent standards and performance throughout and be a good addition to my company. I have a guarantee that University of Birmingham will be the place that I will engage accordingly in all matters concerning investment and finance, which will help me further my goals and attain my prerequisite goals. I seek to join the university so that I can also put the skills I have in place. I come with a wealth of knowledge from my internship at CNAO’s Guangzhou Resident Office during the summer break of 2013. During this period, I was able to learn more about the important audit principals, guidelines and policies that manage and formulate laws and regulations regarding auditing, the economy, and finance. I learned how to collate, analyse and check spreadsheet data, examine company accounts and financial control systems as well as gauge levels of financial risks amongst organisation. These are important aspects that investors need to understand and take into consideration before they make any investment in a company. I can prepare reports, financial statements and commentaries as well as liaise with the managerial staff when called upon to do so. During my time at CNAO, I learned valuable interpersonal skills important for the workplace, something that has been helpful to me in oth er interactions. During the

Effects of Teen Pregnancy Essay Example for Free

Effects of Teen Pregnancy Essay A child is like the icing on top of a cake, a finishing touch to a married couples journey on earth together. If perfectly planned and periodically monitored, a womans pregnancy will be one of the most unforgettable experiences she will ever have. To be able to carry out a safe pregnancy, the ideal age to get impregnated is from the early twenties to the early thirties. This is the time the female reproductive system is fully developed and mature enough to handle multiple activities such as the fertilization of an egg, the carrying of a fertilized egg to fetal maturity, and the nurturing of the newborn by means of milk production (Bullock 1087). Also, if the woman is psychologically ready and wanting to have a child, she will not have a hard time going through the process because of acceptance of the situation, support of the family around her and if married, the spouse’s longing to have a child with her. Unfortunately this is not always the case. The adolescent stage is the period during which the person becomes physically and psychologically mature and acquires a personal identity, from twelve to eighteen years of age (Kozier 385). The establishment of an identity is the psychosocial task of an adolescent according to Erik Eriksons Psychosocial Developmental Theory. Failure to establish an identity will lead to role confusion (Kozier 387). Role confusion poses a threat to the teenager’s social wellbeing. The teenager maybe at a loss as to what her role in society might be or what career path she would take and if she will even go to college. Adolescents are almost always experiencing a roller coaster of emotions in their search for an identity. They tend to look for people with similar preferences and would not want to be seen with other people who do not share the same characteristics as they have, they begin to idolize a person and want to be just like him or her, they become rebellious, they demonstrate forbidden behaviors, they seek attention and admiration from the opposite sex and choose their career paths. Because of the physical changers that are happening to their bodies, they tend to be curious and experimental with these changes. Adolescents are sexually active and may engage in masturbation as well as heterosexual and homosexual activity(Kozier 387). Statistics show that more than 800,000 teens get pregnant each year which places the United States as one of the highest among industrialized countries (Teen Pregnancy: Reality Check). As to why this happens, people can only speculate and come up with studies, surveys and interview. There are however identified risk factors for teenage pregnancy. These include: family situations with regular conflict between members, violence and sexual abuse in childhood, unstable housing arrangements, poor school performance, poor school attendance, low socioeconomic background, family history of teenage pregnancies, low maternal education, fathers absence, low self-esteem, Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander and living in rural and remote areas (Teenage pregnancy some facts). Dealing with adolescent pregnancy does not only have serious physical effect, but psychological as well. The adolescent is at risk for PIH, iron deficiency anemia, preterm delivery, and cephalopelvic disproportion because her own physical growth maybe inadequate to support the growth and delivery of the fetus. PIH or pregnancy induced hypertension is the second leading cause of maternal death in the United States. This illness is a combination of hypertension, edema and proteinuria during pregnancy (Bullock 93). Iron deficiency anemia or IDA occurs when there is a considerable lower than normal amount of Iron in the blood. Iron is needed by the blood in order to effectively transport oxygen to various parts of the body. Fortunately this can be easily corrected by taking oral supplements of Iron as prescribed by the doctor (Bullock 356). Preterm delivery, which is 36 weeks of gestation or life inside the womans womb, is a serious threat for both the fetus and the mother. The normal term is 37 weeks to 40 weeks and less that that the fetus will not be mature enough to live outside the mothers uterus. The pregnant adolescents nutrition may not also be adequate enough, resulting to malnutrition. Prenatal care may also be delayed because the teenager maybe in denial, hence the fetus might not be well taken care of resulting to deficiencies and fetal abnormalities. As for the infant, he or she is susceptible to having lower birth weights, increased infant mortality, increased risk of hospital admission in early childhood, less supportive environments, poorer cognitive development, and if female, a higher risk of becoming pregnant during the adolescent period, as compared to infants born of older women (Teenage pregnancy: trends). Psychologically, a teenager is prone to postnatal depression compared to older women. Reasons for this include societal attitudes, lack of support from family and isolation, and financial pressures (Teenage pregnancy implications). There is also a tendency for the teenage mother to be abandoned by their male partners, especially during birth. Being alone in a very hard process can sometimes be the hardest thing that teenage mothers go through. Not only are their partners abandoning them, but the stigma attached to teenage pregnancy also affects the family of the teenager. There seems to be feelings of alienation from the teenagers family. All of these may add up resulting to more negative feelings towards oneself, more questioning of identity hence role confusion, wasted dreams and impossibility of going back to her education. All the emotional stress may even lead to a mental illness. Efforts are being made to lower the number of teen pregnancies. A number of organizations have been established and there are even pregnancy prevention programs for males. Education maybe the key, with these programs discussing the consequences of early sexual activities like unwanted pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases. Contraception is strongly advocated, even sex education has been really pushed through, and sexual abstinence until marriage has been a strong banner for these programs. The family physicians or any health care personnels role is also significant. They will be able to explain and elaborate more on the nature of the consequences of sexually transmitted diseases and early pregnancy to teens. In fact, in a study entitled, Explaining Recent Declines in Adolescent Pregnancy in the United States: The Contribution of Abstinence and Improved Contraceptive Use it showed how much the pregnancy rates declined over the past 7 years. Improvements in contraceptive use included increases in the use of condoms, birth control pills, withdrawal, and multiple methods and a decline in nonuse. The overall pregnancy risk index declined 38%, with 86% of the decline attributable to improved contraceptive use. Among adolescents aged 15 to 17 years, 77% of the decline in pregnancy risk was attributable to improved contraceptive use was the result of the study by John S. Santelli, MD, MPH, Laura Duberstein Lindberg, PhD, Lawrence B.  Finer, PhD and Susheela Singh, PhD. Sharing intimacy with another person is always a personal choice. But the responsibilities that come with it are not. The freedom of having a choice comes with a price, the burden of being unprepared to raise your own child. And everything else you pick up the broken pieces after that. It matters how much strength and courage you have, how much you can carry alone. But it is important to know that life does not end when hardships begin, it’s just begun.

Disposable Containers for a Disposable Environment :: Expository Exemplification Essays

Disposable Containers for a Disposable Society As society goes through its day-to-day activities, it consumes an enormous amount of liquids. Of course, those liquids are packaged in various types of apparatuses, many of which are disposable. But disposable to whom? "Out of sight-out of mind," maybe? Granted, disposable and throwaway containers are a convenience for the moment, but they are rapidly becoming a devastating eye sore. Disposable bottles and cans invite enormous hazards to the environment. Disposable containers create unsightly neighborhoods and countryside. While driving this weekend, I counted 28 Dr. Pepper bottles and 14 Diet Coke cans in a 2Â ½-mile span of roadway. Our neighborhoods and countryside are being plagued daily by enormous amounts of empty bottles and cans. People don't think twice about pitching their empties out of the car window. An uncaring attitude is taking over society. Although Coca-Cola seems to be reaping the benefits of our fast-paced, thirsty society, our beautiful land is not so lucky. On Saturdays, I see Boy Scout Troop 99 picking up trash using separate sacks for the bottles and the cans. By noon, their total bottle and can collection for a one-mile radius generally fills about 17 large garbage bags. Obviously, this is proof that these disposable bottles and cans are destroying the beauty of our neighborhoods. Another example I have encountered is the ugliness presented on Highway 66 between Luther and Wellston. Again, it is common to se e paper sacks full of bottles and cans thrown to the side of the road. Subsequently, the bottles break in pieces over the side of the highway, threatening flat tires for the motorists. Playgrounds are demolished by cans left behind after picnics on Sunday afternoons. Parks have been invaded by party groups too lazy to hit the trash cans. Instead, glass is broken and left behind for others to deal with. In addition to blemishing our neighborhoods and countrysides, disposable bottles and cans cause hazards to the wildlife. Disposable bottles and cans result in tremendous dangers to wildlife in our environment. For the buyer's convenience, throwaway cans are packaged using connected plastic rings to hold the cans in a six-pack. But this packaging method is anything but a convenience to our wildlife. Instead, the plastic rings yield tremendous dangers to our lake and pond wildlife. Ducks, geese and many other types of water birds get tangled up in these plastic rings and struggle for hours to break free. Disposable Containers for a Disposable Environment :: Expository Exemplification Essays Disposable Containers for a Disposable Society As society goes through its day-to-day activities, it consumes an enormous amount of liquids. Of course, those liquids are packaged in various types of apparatuses, many of which are disposable. But disposable to whom? "Out of sight-out of mind," maybe? Granted, disposable and throwaway containers are a convenience for the moment, but they are rapidly becoming a devastating eye sore. Disposable bottles and cans invite enormous hazards to the environment. Disposable containers create unsightly neighborhoods and countryside. While driving this weekend, I counted 28 Dr. Pepper bottles and 14 Diet Coke cans in a 2Â ½-mile span of roadway. Our neighborhoods and countryside are being plagued daily by enormous amounts of empty bottles and cans. People don't think twice about pitching their empties out of the car window. An uncaring attitude is taking over society. Although Coca-Cola seems to be reaping the benefits of our fast-paced, thirsty society, our beautiful land is not so lucky. On Saturdays, I see Boy Scout Troop 99 picking up trash using separate sacks for the bottles and the cans. By noon, their total bottle and can collection for a one-mile radius generally fills about 17 large garbage bags. Obviously, this is proof that these disposable bottles and cans are destroying the beauty of our neighborhoods. Another example I have encountered is the ugliness presented on Highway 66 between Luther and Wellston. Again, it is common to se e paper sacks full of bottles and cans thrown to the side of the road. Subsequently, the bottles break in pieces over the side of the highway, threatening flat tires for the motorists. Playgrounds are demolished by cans left behind after picnics on Sunday afternoons. Parks have been invaded by party groups too lazy to hit the trash cans. Instead, glass is broken and left behind for others to deal with. In addition to blemishing our neighborhoods and countrysides, disposable bottles and cans cause hazards to the wildlife. Disposable bottles and cans result in tremendous dangers to wildlife in our environment. For the buyer's convenience, throwaway cans are packaged using connected plastic rings to hold the cans in a six-pack. But this packaging method is anything but a convenience to our wildlife. Instead, the plastic rings yield tremendous dangers to our lake and pond wildlife. Ducks, geese and many other types of water birds get tangled up in these plastic rings and struggle for hours to break free.

Courtly Love Essay -- Essays Papers

Courtly Love â€Å"‘Tis better to have loved and lost than never to have loved at all† (Miriam-Webster 253). This quote has been used for centuries as both persuasion in favor of loving and also as comfort in times of heartbreak and loss. However, is this statement completely true, or does it offer false hope to anguishing lovers? In fact, are the rules and costs of loving and being loved so great that in fact it is actually better to never have loved at all? When pondering these questions, one must first consider the rules of loving and being loved to determine the physical, emotional, and psychological costs they entail. In order to do so, one could use Andreas Capellanus’ The Art of Courtly Love as a guideline for the rules of love. During the Medieval time period, Andreas Capellanus compiled a list of thirty-one rules/characteristics of courtly love. By definition, courtly love is â€Å"a highly conventionalized code of conduct for lovers† (American Heritage Dictionary). Capellanus constructed his list in order to provide a guide for those seeking love and those who already find themselves in love to determine if what they are looking for or already have found is indeed true love. The ideas/rules laid out in Capellanu’s list cannot only be found in the literature of the Medieval times, but in many cases are the driving theme behind these works. The same holds true for modern pieces of literature based on the medieval time period, however none more prominently than Sigrid Undset’s Noble Prize winning Kristin Lavransdatter. The story re-creates the historical setting vividly in order to enlighten readers as to the lifestyles, social configuration, and political operations of the medieval times by chronicling the life and c... ... action of the characters within the story, the requirements of love are nothing excessive or even difficult. The characters carry on normal everyday lives and it is these normal actions that constitute love. Consequently, â€Å"‘Tis better to have loved and lost than never to have loved at all† (Miriam-Webster 253). Works Cited - The American Heritage ® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright  © 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company - Medieval Sourcebook. Andreas Capellanus: The Art of Courtly Love. Online Available. http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/capellanus.html. 28 May 2003. - The Merriam-Webster Dictionary of Quotations. â€Å"Love†. Merriam-Webster, Inc: Springfield, Massachusetts. 1992. - Undset, Sirgrid. Kristin Lavransdatter. Penguin Books: New York, New York. 1997.

Ralph Tyler’s Evaluation Method for Math Curricula

Proper evaluation of all educational curricula is vital to providing an effective education to students. The purpose of such an evaluation is, in essence, to discover how well educational objectives are being met. An evaluation method must be accurate and valid, however the evaluation must also be accessible to those who need to use it. If an evaluation method is inaccurate or highly complex to utilize, it will either be misused, or not used at all. Math curricula can be especially difficult to match to an evaluation method because of the demands of the subject; scientific validity is a must, and ideally the design of the method would be crafted by someone who has a true understanding of mathematics in education. The evaluation method designed by Ralph Tyler is ideal for use by an educator for evaluating math curricula. Ralph Tyler was a student at the University of Chicago, and he studied under the famous Charles Judd. Tyler obtained his Ph.D. in 1927; he specialized in mathematics in school, which gives his work a particularly effective edge when applied to math curricula. Ten years after his graduation, he was appointed Director of Research for the Evaluation Staff on the well-known Eight Year Study. Tyler believed that scientific study was the key to successful education in every subject, and this was used as the basis for his research. Successful learning and teaching techniques were sought in the study, and from that research Tyler†s evaluation method was formed. Eventually Tyler would understand that all learning objectives should be determined by observing and actively evaluating student behavior within the class. (Pinar et al, 1995) The Objectives-Oriented Approach was popularized, if not entirely fathered, by Tyler. Tyler†s approach follows seven distinct steps: (1) establish broad goals or objectives, (2) classify the goals or objectives, (3) define objectives in behavioral terms, (4) find situations in which achievement of objective can be shown, (5) develop or select measurement techniques, (7) compare performance data with behaviorally stated objectives. (Worthen & Sanders in ITGRN) These simple steps make this method ideal for evaluation of math curriculum for several reasons. First, it is scientifically sound, following steps like the scientific method. The method is simple; it does not require in depth research or detailed critical thinking that would take a lot of time out of the evaluator†s busy schedule. The steps are ideal for clarification of ideas, and it helps the teacher specifically ask the right questions of him- or herself as well as of the students. It also stresses empirical methods for evaluating goals and objectives. The shortcomings of this evaluation method are also minimal, including that neglects the context in which the evaluation takes place, and that it neglects the value of the objectives themselves. These are shortcomings which, unlike those of other evaluation methods, are easily overcome when applied to the curriculum by an intelligent person.

Quotes From Beloved by Toni Morrison

Quotes From Beloved by Toni Morrison Editors Note: Toni Morrison passed away on August 5, 2019. Weve gathered highlights from one of her most celebrated novels to help you honor her work. Beloved is a novel by Toni Morrison, who uses flashbacks and other devices to draw us through the tragic series of events in Sethes life. A moment of insanity shaped the rest of her existence. She and those around her would never be the same. Here are a few quotes from this dark novel, Beloved. Notable Quotes from Toni Morrisons Beloved 124 was spiteful. Full of a babys venom.- Toni Morrison, Beloved, Ch. 1My first-born. All I can remember of her is how she loved the burned bottom of bread. Can you beat that? Eight children and thats all I remember.- Toni Morrison, Beloved, Ch. 1a pool of red and undulating light that locked him where he stood.- Toni Morrison, Beloved, Ch. 1If a Negro got legs he ought to use them. Sit down too long, somebody will figure out a way to tie them up.- Toni Morrison, Beloved, Ch. 1I got a tree on my back and a haint in my house, and nothing in between but the daughter I am holding in my arms. No more runningfrom nothing. I will never run from another thing on this earth. I took one journey and I paid for the ticket, but let me tell you something, Paul D Garner: it cost too much! Do you hear me? It cost too much.- Toni Morrison, Beloved, Ch. 1the house itself was pitching.- Toni Morrison, Beloved, Ch. 1A man aint nothing but a man. But a son? Well, now, thats somebody- Toni Morrison, Belo ved, Ch. 2 The picture is still there and whats more, if you go thereyou who never was thereif you go there and stand in the place where it was, it will happen again; it will be there for you, waiting for you. So, Denver, you cant never go there. Never. Because even though its all overover and done withits going to always be there waiting for you.- Toni Morrison, Beloved, Ch. 3Would it be all right? Would it be all right to go ahead and feel? Go ahead and count on something?- Toni Morrison, Beloved, Ch. 3To Sethe, the future was a matter of keeping the past at bay. The better life she believed she and Denver were living was simply not that other one.- Toni Morrison, Beloved, Ch. 3Denver hated the stories her mother told that did not concern herself, which is why Amy was all she ever asked about. The rest was a gleaming, powerful world made more so by Denvers absence from it. Not being in it, she hated it and wanted Beloved to hate it too, although there was no chance of that at all.- Toni Morri son, Beloved, Ch. 6 Why was there nothing it refused? No misery, no regret, no hateful picture too rotten to accept? Like a greedy child it snatched up everything. Just once, could it say, No thank you? I just ate and cant hold another bite?- Toni Morrison, Beloved, Ch. 7I dont want to know or have to remember that. I have other things to do: worry, for example, about tomorrow, about Denver, about Beloved, about age and sickness not to speak of love. But her brain was not interested in the future. Loaded with the past and hungry for more, it left her no room to imagine, let alone plan for, the next day.- Toni Morrison, Beloved, Ch. 7Come on, you may as well just come on.- Toni Morrison, Beloved, Ch. 8Those white things have taken all I had or dreamed, she said, and broke my heartstrings too. There is no bad luck in the world but whitefolks.- Toni Morrison, Beloved, Ch. 9Bit by bit, at 124 and in the Clearing, along with others, she had claimed herself. Freeing yourself was one thing; claiming ownership of that freed self was another.- Toni Morrison, Beloved, Ch. 9 She had been so close, then closer. And it was so much better than the anger that ruled when Sethe did or thought anything that excluded herself. She could bear the hoursnine or ten of them each day but onewhen Sethe was gone. Bear even the nights when she was close but out of sight, behind walls and doors lying next to him. But noweven the daylight time that Beloved had counted on, disciplined herself to be content with, was being reduced, divided by Sethes willingness to pay attention to other things. Him mostly.- Toni Morrison, Beloved, Ch. 9Making them think the next sunrise would be worth it; that another stroke of time would do it at last.- Toni Morrison, Beloved, Ch. 10Only when she was dead would they be safe. The successful onesthe ones who had been there enough years to have maimed, mutilated, maybe even buried herkept watch over the others who were still in her cock-teasing hug, caring and looking forward, remembering and looking back.- Toni Morrison, Beloved, Ch. 10 Study Guide Questions for Study and Discussion This is worse than when Paul D came to 124 and she cried helplessly into the stove. This is worse. Then it was for herself. Now she is crying because she has no self.- Toni Morrison,  Beloved, Ch. 12She doesnt move to open the door because there is no world out there. She decides to stay in the cold house and let the dark swallow her like the minnows of light above. She wont put up with another leaving, another trick. Waking up to find one brother then another not at the bottom of the bed, his foot jabbing her spine. Sitting at the table eating turnips and saving the liquor for her grandmother to drink; her mothers hand on the keeping-room door and her voice saying, Baby Suggs is gone, Denver. And when she got around to worrying about what would be the case if Sethe died or Paul D took her away, a dream-come-true comes true just to leave her on a pile of newspaper in the dark.- Toni Morrison,  Beloved, Ch. 12If her boys came back one day, and Denver and Beloved stayed onwell, it would be the way it was supposed to be, no? Right after she saw the shadows holding hands at the side of the road hadnt the picture altered? And the minute she saw the dress and shoes sitting in the front yard, she broke water. Didnt even have to see the face burning in the sunlight. She had been dreaming it for years.- Toni Morrison,  Beloved, Ch. 13 It made them furious. They swallowed baking soda, the morning after, to calm the stomach violence caused by the bounty, the reckless generosity on display at 124. Whispered to each other in the yards about fat rats, doom and uncalled-for pride.- Toni Morrison,  Beloved, Ch. 15I would have known right away who you was when the sun blotted out your face the way it did when I took you to the grape arbor. I would have known at once when my water broke. And when I did see your face it had more than a hint of what you would look like after all these years. I would have known who you were right away because the cup after cup of water you drank proved and connected to the fact that you dribbled clear spit on my face the day I got to 124. I would have known right off, but Paul D distracted me. Otherwise I would have seen my fingernail prints right there on your forehead for all the world to see. From when I held your head up, out in the shed. And later on, when you asked me about the earrin gs I used to dangle for you to play with, I would have recognized you right off, except for Paul D.- Toni Morrison,  Beloved, Ch. 20 All the time, Im afraid the thing that happened that made it all right for my mother to kill my sister could happen again. I dont know what it is, I dont know who it is, but maybe there is something else terrible enough to make her do it again. I need to know what that thing might be, but I dont want to. Whatever it is, it comes from outside this house, outside the yard, and it can come right on in the yard if it wants to. So I never leave this house and I watch over the yard, so it cant happen again and my mother wont have to kill me too.- Toni Morrison,  Beloved, Ch. 21I am Beloved and she is mine. I see her take flowers away from leaves she puts them in a round basket the leaves are not for her she fills the basket she opens the grass I would help her but the clouds are in the way how can I say things that are pictures I am not separate from her there is no place where I stop her face is my own and I want to be there in the place where her face is and to be looking at it too a h ot thing.- Toni Morrison,  Beloved, Ch. 22 I see the dark face that is going to smile at me it is my dark face that is going to smile at me the iron circle is around our neck she does not have sharp earrings in her ears or a round basket she goes in the water with my face.-  Toni Morrison,  Beloved, Ch. 22I am not dead I sit the sun closes my eyes when I open them I see the face I lost Sethes is the face that left me Sethe sees me see her and I see the smile her smiling face is the place for me it is the face I lost she is my face smiling at me doing it at last a hot thing now we can join.- Toni Morrison,  Beloved, Ch. 22Quote 27: Seven-O! Seven-O!- Toni Morrison,  Beloved, Ch. 24Dirty you so bad you couldnt like yourself anymore. And though she and others lived through and got over it, she could never let it happen to her own. The best things she was, was her children. Whites might dirty her all right, but not her best thing, her beautiful, magical best thing the part of her that was clean.- Toni Morrison,  Belove d, Ch. 26 You your best thing, Sethe. You are.- Toni Morrison,  Beloved, Ch. 27Everybody knew what she was called, but nobody anywhere knew her name. Disremembered and unaccounted for, she cannot be lost because no one is looking for her, and even if they were, how can they call her if they dont know her name? Although she has claim, she is not claimed.- Toni Morrison,  Beloved, Ch. 28

UN Reform and Global Governance The WritePass Journal

UN Reform and Global Governance Introduction UN Reform and Global Governance Guardian (2011) â€Å"Russia and China veto UN resolution against Syrian regime†, Wednesday, 5 October, Available at: guardian.co.uk/world/2011/oct/05/russia-china-veto-syria-resolution Retrieved: 15.04.2012 Gupta, K. R (2006) Reform of the UN, Vol.1 Atlantic Publishers Dist, Kaldor, M. (1999) New and Old Wars: Organized Violence in a Global Era. Cambridge: Polity Press Karns, M. Mingst, K. (2009) International organizations:   the politics and processes of global governance, Lynne Rienner Publishers Kennedy, P. (2006) The Parliament of Man: The past, Present and Future of the United Nations, London: Penguin Books Luck, E. (2006) The UN Security Council: Practice and Promise, Routledge Malone, D. (2004) The  UN Security Council: from the Cold War to the 21st century   Lynne Rienner Publishers, p. 253 Mearsheimer, J. (1994) â€Å"The False Promise of International Institutions†,   International Security, Vol. 3 (19), pp. 5-49 Moore, J.A.   Pubantz, J. (2008) The New United Nations:   International   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Organization in the Twenty-First Century, Prentice Hall, PTR Nugent, N. (2006) The Government and Politics of the European Union, Duke University Press Pease, K. S. (2003) International Organizations. Perspectives for Governance in the 21st   Ã‚  Ã‚  century.2nd Edition, Prentice Hall Shaw, M. (2005) The New Western Way of War: Risk Transfer war and its Crisis   in Iraq,   Cambridge: Polity Press Smith, R. (2006) The Utility of Force: The Art of War in the Modern World London: Penguin Strange, S. (2002) The Declining Authority of States, in The Global Transformations Reader: an Introduction to the Globalization Debate, 2nd edition, Held and MacGrew (eds) Cambridge: Polity Press, pp.127-134 Wendt, A. (2003) Why a World State is Inevitable, European Journal of International Relations  December  vol. 9  no. 4, pp. 491-542 Wouters, J. Ruys, T. (2005) â€Å"Security Council Reform: a New Veto for a New Century†, ROYAL INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS (IRRI-KIIB), Brussels, August, Academia Press

Explain why Hindus might feel that many different gods and goddesses E

Explain why Hindus might feel that many different gods and goddesses E Explain why Hindus might feel that many different gods and goddesses Leana Parham Module 6 writing #3 Andre Key Question: Explain why Hindus might feel that many different gods and goddesses are necessary to provide different symbolic lenses for them to think about ultimate reality. "There can be as many Hindu Gods as there are devotees to suit the moods, feelings, emotions and social backgrounds of the devotees." So in some ways Hinduism is a polytheistic religion. There is an exceedingly wide variety of gods to choose from to worship with statues and symbols to pay homage before. If one wants to pray for acquiring knowledge and understanding, he would pray to the god, Sarasati, for example. One might pray to the god, Moksha, to obtain God's grace. Many Hindus worship their own village god or goddess. However, to say that Hinduism is a polytheistic religion with an unknown and unnamed number of Gods would be incorrect. Many Hindus view the religion as a monotheistic religion with only one Supreme Being who is formless and impersonal. All other gods and goddesses are simply facets of this one God. This Supreme Being is viewed as the god of all other religions and equal to all existence or the ultimate reality. In the Hindu faith, there is a trinity as in the Christian faith, where God is in three persons: Brahma: is the creator of all reality, Vishnu or Krishna is the preserver of all of the creations, and Shiva is the destroyer. There are some major divisions in the Hindu faith. Many see Brahman as the ultimate deity. Others see Vishnu or Krishna as the Supreme Being and another sect see Shiva as their ultimate reality. Hinduism is a religion which does recognize a single supreme deity but is tolerant of all other religions and gods or goddesses as forms or manifestations of this one single deity or Supreme Being. Their philosophy is that, although they believe there is but one truth, there are different "Sages" or spiritual leaders who call the truth by different names. Besides these Gods and Goddesses there are a number of other Gods and Goddesses. To name a few of them, there is Ganesh; who has an elephant's head and he is also a son of Shiva and Parvati, Hanuman; who is an ape, Surya; Lord of sun, Ganga Ma; Goddess of river Ganges; Samundra; Lord of the sea, Indra; king of the Gods (but he isn't an important God), Prithvi; Goddess of earth, Shakti; Goddess of strength. The Hindus call their Goddesses 'Ma' meaning mother. Not all of these Gods are worshiped by all Hindus. Some Hindus worship only Vishnu. Others worship only Shiva. Others worship only the Goddesses and call these Goddesses collectively as Shakti meaning strength. Many of these Goddess worshipers worship Parvati in her images as Kali or Durga. People who worship Shiva or Vishnu also worship characters and images connected with these Gods. Vishnu worshipers (Vaishnaites) also worship his appearances. Shiva's worshipers (Shaivites) also worship images of bull called Nandi, who was Shiva's carrier and a unique stone design connected to Shiva. There are also Hindus who worship all the Gods. There are some Gods who are worshiped all over India like Rama and Krishna and other Gods who are worshiped more in one region than the other like Ganesh who is worshiped mainly in west India. Hindus also worship Gods according to their personal needs. People who engage in wrestling, body building and other physical sports worship Hanuman, who in Hindu legends was an ape with lot of physical strength. Businessmen worship Lakshmi, Goddess of wealth. Though these Hindus worship different idols, there are many Hindus who believe in one God and perceive in these different Gods and Goddesses as different images of the same one God. According to their beliefs idolatry is the wrong interpretation of Hinduism. Hindus believe in reincarnation. The basic belief is that a person's fate is determined according to his deeds. These deeds in Hinduism are called 'Karma'. A soul who does good Karma in this life will be awarded with a better life in the next incarnation. Souls who do bad Karma will be punished for their sins, if not

Women's role compared to men's role within the white supremacy groups Essay

Women's role compared to men's role within the white supremacy groups (KKK) - Essay Example The  WKKK  (Womens Ku Klux Klan)  represented an organization belonging to Ku Klux Klan. At the same time as the activity of most female representatives is concentrated on the ethical, public, and pedagogic program of the organization, they also took active part in activity connected with color of the skin, sex, and religious conviction. The activity of women in Ku Klux Klan was different in different periods of Klan’s existence. In the given paper we will analyze each period and make a conclusion about the evolution of women’s activity in Ku Klux Klan. The first period lasted from 1860 to 1870. During this period KKK women were not treated as real acting members of the Klan, they served as a representation of ethnic and sexual superiority defended by the male members.   Women helped men by preparing special clothes. The main goal of the first Ku Klux Klan organizations was to protect their white-skinned mothers, sisters and wives. Blacked-skinned women were despised and often raped by male members of the Klan (Mecklin, 1963). In 1920s the women’s role was very active. The Womens Ku Klux Klan could be found in almost every state of the country, however, its main positions were in Arkansas and Pennsylvania (Blee, 1991). Women with white skin, who was born in the United States with Protestant belief, could become members of WKKK.  The agenda of WKKK was different from that in men’s Klan as their methods were typically more peaceful (Rice, 1962). During the third period of the Klan’s existence that lasted from 1960 to 1970 women’s role was also not very important. The members of Ku Klux Klan were mostly man from South villages, who were not rich of well-educated. Their violent activity was concentrated on the oppression of African Americans. Women were not a symbol of the Klan any more because they simply did not enter it. The fourth period started in 1980 and

Competitive Intelligence and Research Assignment Proposal

Competitive Intelligence and Assignment - Research Proposal Example The proliferation of the social media has created a potential for investors to roll out their products to the customers worldwide with higher efficiency. However, this approach has its own limitations as organizations raise question as to whether social media is an adequate platform for organizations to build strong customer relationship. For a long period now, the literature concerning the relationship between customer relationship and an efficient online presence has increased, yet it has not yet answered the question of whether organizations should focus on this business option. The purpose of this research is to investigate whether social networking based marketing helps a business to build a positive customer relationship with its customers. This research will employ a deductive approach to identify the merits of using social media for marketing in the modern business environment (Mehrdad & Seyedeh, 2013). A qualitative approach will be used to identify the various benefits and challenges of marketing on social media and to draw the relationship between customer relationship and the online strategy. The main focus of the research will be to evaluate how the social media sites such as Facebook, Twitter and Skype affects aspects of customer loyalty within any particular market. The research intends to close the literature gap that exists concerning social media advertisement and to end the controversy that has limited organization indulgence in social media advertisement. The findings of this research will help organizations from across the world to underst and the value and the limitations of focussing on social media marketing, and to identify strategies that they can use to optimize customer relationship building. In the recent past, business researchers have engaged in research to investigate the impact of social media advertisement and the

Accounting Principle homework questions Coursework

Accounting Principle homework questions - Coursework Example Companies usually issue two different types of stock, common and preferred. The major difference between common and preferred stock is that common stock results in ownership for the buyer whilst a preferred stock does not. The common stock is traded within the stock market within a country, preferred stock, on the other hand are not traded within such markets. The basic essence and nature of a preferred stock is that it is usually considered a loan, which has to be repaid after a certain period of time. A preferred stock holder gets preference over a common stock holder with respect to the payment of dividends. A common stock holder receives dividend only after all the company’s dues are cleared off. Issuance of bond is similar in nature to receiving a loan. The par/face value of the bond is credited within the Bonds Payable account. If the market interest rate on the bond would be higher coupon rate, it would result in a premium on the bond. 4. Discuss the controversy surrounding the Fair-Value vs. Amortized Cost presentation of the value of stocks, bonds and all other investment securities on the Financial Statement. US GAAP uses Fair Value, US Statutory uses Amortized Cost and IFRS uses a mix of both depending on the security. What are the advantages and disadvantages of both approaches, and what do you feel is the best way to value this type of asset? The controversy surrounding Fair Value Accounting and Accrual accounting has been prevalent for quite some time now. The major debate is that when to record the profit or loss on any particular security. According to the Fair Value accounting, gains or losses should be recorded whenever is seems that any security has lost its value i.e. if that security is sold at the current moment. Amortized cost accounting on the other hand favors the recording of gains and losses on the actual happening of the event i.e. when the security is disposed. The major advantage of Fair Value

Media Usage Behavior Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Media Usage Behavior - Essay Example In this scenario, the website is offering enhanced techniques of business management and corporate recognition. This business website contains a large amount of research material for others to analyze and investigate. This business website offers a variety of marketing techniques and methods for the business improvement and management through online business marketing management. In addition, this business website offers corporate support and advocacy for the business management in case of marketing business. This business website also conducts the business marketing educational programs. At this web site, we can see technical support and conferences for the business management and potential enhancement of the business management. This web site also contains an online business registration facility that helps the organization improve its working structure. Through this business registration capability we can potentially gain a better business support for the business and corporate management. The second business promotional website that I have selected is promotion marketing association (www.pmalink.org). This business website is aimed at helping the businesses to improve their working. This business website contains online newsletters those are very effective for business enhancement and corporate management. This business website is offering marketing support in form of shopper marketing, digital marketing, entertainment marketing and experimental marketing. Additionally, this business website is offering advocacy and promotional support for a variety of the business arrangements. The business website is also offering very effective management capability for improving business operations. This is aimed improving the overall corporate working and business recognition to customers. In addition, this business website encompasses a variety of resources and research publications for the businesses. In this scenario, this web

Nursing Research and Evidence-Based Practice Essay

Nursing Research and Evidence-Based Practice - Essay Example There is an avid need of EBP to understand the pattern in which these issues have been causing severity (Polit & Beck, 2012). The recent clinical experience also focused on the gland swelling after chemotherapy. However, EBP present in this area has rather allowed nurses to treat patients with protocol which cannot cause anymore rash to the glands because of excessive Taxol agents. As a matter of fact, my affiliation with my health care organization gives me a free hand to opt for EBP. The impression of EBP has relatively become very imperative. Policy makers would surely like to fund EBP because it is more likely to help the institution in a long run. The barrier as discussed by Adams (2010) regarding utilization of research and survey is one which is being experienced at the institution as well (Adams, 2010). The approach to make sure that this barrier is not coming in the way is to provide a mandatory submission for staff regarding nursing practices. If research and survey will be obliged then it is expected that the trend of research and its utilization will become easier and relatively

Media Usage Behavior Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Media Usage Behavior - Essay Example In this scenario, the website is offering enhanced techniques of business management and corporate recognition. This business website contains a large amount of research material for others to analyze and investigate. This business website offers a variety of marketing techniques and methods for the business improvement and management through online business marketing management. In addition, this business website offers corporate support and advocacy for the business management in case of marketing business. This business website also conducts the business marketing educational programs. At this web site, we can see technical support and conferences for the business management and potential enhancement of the business management. This web site also contains an online business registration facility that helps the organization improve its working structure. Through this business registration capability we can potentially gain a better business support for the business and corporate management. The second business promotional website that I have selected is promotion marketing association (www.pmalink.org). This business website is aimed at helping the businesses to improve their working. This business website contains online newsletters those are very effective for business enhancement and corporate management. This business website is offering marketing support in form of shopper marketing, digital marketing, entertainment marketing and experimental marketing. Additionally, this business website is offering advocacy and promotional support for a variety of the business arrangements. The business website is also offering very effective management capability for improving business operations. This is aimed improving the overall corporate working and business recognition to customers. In addition, this business website encompasses a variety of resources and research publications for the businesses. In this scenario, this web

The Odyssey Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Odyssey - Essay Example The second stage is "a road of trials". For Odyssey, his journey consists of: love of Calypso and building of a ship to escape; trials with the Cyclops and the Phaeacian princess, love with Circe and journey into Hades, and battle with Scylla. The third stage is "achieving the goal or "boon". It means new world perception and views created during the journey. Odyssey understands that faith is the foundation of morality which cannot be removed by new impressions and temptation. He feels that, as morality is created by God, those who reject faith are in turn rejecting individualistic way of life. The forth stage is "a return to the ordinary world". From the very beginning Odyssey fails this trial, because nobody recognized him but his old nurse, Eurycleia. Penelope suspects that it could be her husband and organized a competition won by Odyssey. She promises to marry a winner, when Odyssey won this contest they reunite. The fifth stage includes "application of the boon". At the end, Od yssey visits his father and stops vendetta. His father kills Antinous's father and peace is maintained. In sum, The Odyssey displays the many qualities that archetypal heroes had in common.

How does work Guide the Development of the Self Essay Example for Free

How does work Guide the Development of the Self Essay In man’s existence today, various concepts exist which if learnt and adhered to, can change the very quality of life itself. This is admirably conveyed by Emerson in his essay on self reliance and also deduced from chapters seven and eleven of Thoreau’s book on Walden. In chapter seven, the author narrates the story of an impoverished farmer who toils on his farm from sunrise to sunset, while in chapter 11, Thoreau dwells on the qualities of the inner person. After reading these essays, one is convinced that the most important attribute in life is that which is gained from knowledge of our true being as intended by the creator. Beginning with Emerson’s work, self trust is shown to be the key to self reliance because man’s true nature is that which is within him. We are all individuals in the eyes of providence, each with our own place which we must learn to accept and respect. It is only when we exercise self trust in the abilities given to us, that we will be able to improve as human beings. The author goes on to say that when we cultivate a respect for ourselves, we reject that which is external and which we spend every waking moment looking for. What is important is not the acquisition of material wealth, but rather, internal spiritual wealth. It is only when we place our faith in GOD, who is the most trustworthy and sits in our heart, that we gain self trust. He then works through our hands and predominates our beings. When you are in conformity, this undercuts your self reliance because it scatters your forces, and the real you cannot be detected. You tend to do things as everybody does. It is therefore important to be your own individual and your uniqueness will be evident. Consistency, on the other hand, enslaves us to our pasts because we are constantly judging our present with 2 tandards from the past. We fear to be contradicted by our peers and are therefore less and less self reliant. Self reliance is evident from the bean field chapter of Thoreau because the farmer was rewarded for his hard work with a harvest of twelve bushels. He did not have the benefit of modern farm implements or labor, yet he loved his work and was rewarded for it. This is a demonstration of self reliance born out of necessity. Instead of discouragement at the prospect of toil, the farmer confronted the ordeal happily and with spiritual calm. Additionally, he gained much more than money. He earned the respect of his neighbors, confidence and experience from his work. John Fields is another impoverished farmer who has a wife and a family to feed. Unfortunately, he is in a situation where survival dictates that he works for a wage as someone’s employee. For this very reason, he cannot be self reliant. Additionally, in order to change his lifestyle, he faces the prospect of being unable to afford the necessities of everyday life, for example, tea, coffee, meat and clothes. He also seems unable to find the time to contemplate his spiritual wellbeing which may help him look at his life afresh. However, the concepts conveyed by Thoreau’s higher laws can prove invaluable to him. One of them is that, â€Å"Man flows to GOD when the channel of purity is open†. This means that Fields must seek GOD who will give him an inner calm. This will enable him to identify that for which he is best suited to do and treat himself with respect. Additionally, he will be able to find that which identifies him as an individual, thereby helping him to excel. The kind of wealth that is described in Emerson’s â€Å"wealth† essay is very foreign to John Field’s understanding. According to Emerson, wealth is the application of mind to nature. This requires that one draws a benefit from the labors of the greatest numbers of men, and also do what his creator intended him to do. Unfortunately, Fields is a laborer who is employed on a wage. He does not even understand the concept of business, let alone begin to fathom how he can employ others. Additionally, he may be in the wrong career and needs to re-evaluate it if he is to enjoy the fruits of a better lifestyle. When Frederick Douglas goes to the north, he discovers that work, unlike in the south, is done with pride and actually creates wealth without the need for slave labor. It also dawns on him that freedom of the mind is the perfect breeding ground for economic progress, which he sees in even former slaves. Additionally, with a free mind comes the possibility of improving the intellect through reading. The common thread running through these readings is that the mind and spirit come first before the body. Nature can only be conquered by the spirit and the best way to enrich the spirit is by accepting that GOD has a purpose for each and every one of us. He has given us individual qualities which we must strive to nurture. We must recognize these qualities and use them according to his will. If we do not see the advantage within our hearts, then we will, as individuals, continue to move in a crowd, and our uniqueness will not help us or humanity. Wealth is first and foremost, that of the heart and spirit.

Psychiatry Case Report: A Dual Diagnosis

Psychiatry Case Report: A Dual Diagnosis Name: Nur Farah Ashikin Abu Salman Presenting Complaint: AB is a 33 year-old, single, unemployed man who was brought in by Garda to the psychiatric department on 8-10-14 with suicidal ideation. He has history of alcohol abuse since 2004. History of Presenting Complaint: AB was brought into the psychiatry unit by the Garda when he allegedly rang his sister to say he wished to end his life by jumping in front of the train. He was then located at his friend’s house. He was disheveled and strong smell of alcohol is evident. AB was happy to be kept involuntarily. He refused to be reviewed medically in AE and threatened to leave. AB denies any past history of self-harm. He has drinking problem since 2004 after his friend died in a car crash. On admission, he admits he has been drinking non-stop for 40 days. He feels hopeless like life is not worth living. He does not feel he is improving at all even though he tried he described it as â€Å"I just cannot see anyway to fill up this whole up.† AB wanted to go straight to rehab. He is very keen to get better and his aim and goal is to sort out his life. AB appears very low in mood and energy. He confessed he has so much to go through in his life. He also admits he has sleep disturbance and reduced appetite. He states he has not eaten for 45 days and nights. He denies any hallucinations, delusion of thoughts control or passivity phenomena. AB was not on any medications prior to admission. Past Psychiatric history: 2004 – 2014 – Day Hospital July 2014 – Had 6 out of 13 weeks in but was asked to leave, as staffs were unable to facilitate his physical complaints. September 2014 – Admitted voluntarily due to depression. Social History AB lives alone. His best friend died in car crash in 2004 and early this year one of his friends committed suicide. He just broke up with his girlfriend 3 months ago. He was a mechanic but got fired due to his drinking problems. His social welfare funding also has been stopped recently. He spends most of his time by drinking at his house, his friend’s or at the pub. Drug and Alcohol History AB has alcohol problem since 2004. Prior to admission, he admits he has been drinking heavily for 45 days non-stop alone and with others. He knew he needs to cut down his intake but he just could not help himself to stop. He always needed a drink when he woke up in the morning to steady his nerves. Any stressful events would trigger him to drink, he described he has not been able to stop once he started. AB also experiences withdrawal symptoms (seizures, nausea, tremors, vomiting, insomnia) on abstinence. He smokes heavily 20 cigarettes per day for 16 years and does not plan to stop. AB has history of Solpadol addiction but he denies any drugs use on admission. Family History: AB parents live in a small town. He has one sister living in the other part of the country. His mother has history of depression and his father is currently sick. He was not happy with his family condition having that his father is sick and could not be able to take care of his mother. AB states he did not really get support from his family and friends. Only his aunt and his sister came to visit him in hospital, his parents never came. There is no history of alcohol or drug abuse in his family. Personal History: AB could not remember if he has any pre-natal or obstetric complications. He denies any developmental delay and was getting on well in school. He completed his Junior Certificate and Leaving Cert but he did not be able to go to universities due to his drinking problem. Pre-morbid Personality: AB described himself as an outgoing person and very friendly. He never had difficulties getting along with people and enjoys being surrounded by others. Progress in Hospital: I met AB few times in the unit I could see he was improving well. He is currently undergoing detox. AB socialized well in the unit, he was observed playing pool with fellow patients and interact well with them. He at times complains about headache and lower back pain. He admits having low mood and low energy first few days of admission. He also complains about not being able to sleep at night. Medications: Librium 40mg tds x 5/7 Zopiclone PRN Paracetamol PRN Lyrica Lithium Quetiapine Sodium Valproate AB went to art and craft class and related well with the staffs and other patient. His mood seems to be improving throughout the weeks but his withdrawal symptoms still evident. Mental State Examination (a week after admission): Physical examination: Formulation: Demographic Details: Single, 33 year-old, unemployed man. Summary: Alcohol abuse for 14 years Best friend died of car crash 14 years ago, a friend committed suicide early this year, broke up with girlfriend 3 months ago. Got fired recently, social welfare funding stopped. Differential diagnosis: Severe depressive episode without psychotic symptoms (ICD F32.2) is the most likely diagnosis. AB has all the somatic features of depression upon admission and he has suicidal ideation, which he thought of jumping in front of the train to end his life. Acute stress reaction (ICD F43.0) was excluded based on the histories and investigations because the onset needs to be within few minutes after the impact of the stressor. Acute stress reaction will resolve immediately within few hours to 3 days(1). Post-traumatic stress disorder (ICD F43.1) could be a possible cause since depression, insomnia, suicidal ideation and excessive use of alcohol are commonly associated with this disorder. However AB does not meet the diagnostic guidelines of post-traumatic stress disorder in addition of trauma, there must be repetitive, intrusive recollection, or re-enactment of the event in memories, daytime imagery, or dreams(1). Adjustment disorder (ICD F43.2) could also be a possible cause having had he just lost his friend, girlfriend and his job but it could not be specified just yet as adjustment disorder does not last more than 6 months(1). Mental and behavioural disorder due to use of alcohol (ICD F10) could also be the likely cause because AB has been having chronic alcohol abuse since 2004. This satisfied criteria of dependence syndrome in which describe in ICD-10 as â€Å"cluster of physiological, behavioural, and cognitive phenomena in which the use of a substance or a class of substances takes on a much higher priority for a given individual than other behaviours that once had greater value. A central descriptive characteristic of the dependence syndrome is the desire (often strong, sometimes overpowering) to take psychoactive drugs (which may or may not have been medically prescribed), alcohol, or tobacco. There may be evidence that return to substance use after a period of abstinence leads to a more rapid reappearance of other features of the syndrome than occurs with nondependent individuals(1).† Aetiology: AB’s mother has history of depression. His family has not getting on very well since his father went sick for the past years until now. His best friend died in a car crash few years back and another friend committed suicide early this year. His girlfriend just broke up with him 3 months ago. AB has been losing so many people in his life lately. He just got fired and his social welfare was stopped. His drinking problem just gotten worse and he just could not find the way out of his problem. Investigation and Management: Urea and electrolytes Urea – 8.5 mmol/L Creatinine –101 ÃŽ ¼mol/L Sodium – 134 mmol/L Potassium – 4.2 mmol/L Chloride – 90 mmol/L Protein – nil Endocrinology TFT – normal LFT’s ALT – 153 IU/L GGT – 213 U/L FBC WCC – 14.7 x 109/L Plt – 445 x 109/L Neutrophil – 10.5 x 109/L CRP – 0.7 mg/L Hb – 14.0 g/dl Awaiting MSV/CSV Medications: Librium 40mg tds x 5/7 Zopiclone PRN Paracetamol PRN Lyrica Lithium Quetiapine Sodium Valproate AB was on Librium detox for 5 days, the aim is to support him through detox and maintain abstinence of alcohol. He keeps on complaining about his past and how he regrets it. Support and therapeutic listening time (reassurance) was given to improve his mood to optimal mental state and reduce his suicidal ideation. Since AB has poor coping skills outside hospital, his consultant discussed to him about the plan to get him a place for rehab for a residential programme. AB was very keen for that but in order to do that, there are few things that need to be done beforehand. He needs to be detoxed off Librium or any antipsychotic medications. Supporting letter from his consultant is needed to put him forward for 30 days Residential Programme. After that, they will set an assessment date and AB could possibly get HSE funding and keep his social welfare benefits. Discussion: Based on the history and examination, I think the diagnosis would be severe depressive episode without psychotic symptoms along with alcohol abuse. AB was coping with recent bereavement, work loss and money crisis. He has all the somatic features listed in ICD-10 F.32 with mark loss of appetite, low mood and reduced energy for more than two weeks accompanied by reduced concentration and attention, idea of guilt and unworthiness, pessimistic view of the future, and suicidal ideation(1). The diagnosis of alcohol abuse is made based on all the criteria given in ICD-10 F10 F1x.2Dependence Syndrome. AB satisfied all the criteria given which are; â€Å"(a) A strong desire to take the substance. (b) Difficulties in controlling substance-taking behaviour in terms of its onset, termination, or levels of use. (c) A physiological withdrawal state (see F1x.3 and F1x.4) when substance use has ceased or been reduced, as evidenced by: the characteristic withdrawal syndrome for the substance; or use of the same (or a closely related) substance with the intention of relieving or avoiding withdrawal symptoms. (d) Evidence of tolerance, such that increased doses of the psychoactive substance are required in order to achieve effects originally produced by lower doses. (e) Progressive neglect of alternative pleasures or interests because of psychoactive substance use, increased amount of time necessary to obtain or take the substance or to recover from its effects. (f) Persisting with substance use despite clear evidence of overtly harmful consequences, such as harm to the liver through excessive drinking, depressive mood states consequent to periods of heavy substance use, or drug-related impairment of cognitive functioning; efforts should be made to determine that the user was actually, or could be expected to be, aware of the nature and extent of the harm(1).† I would say AB is trying to cope by taking alcohols to escape from his negative emotions and in turned being dependant on it. The risk of alcohol abuse is four times higher among persons with major depressive disorder than among those who do not suffer from this condition. Studies also shown that patient with dual diagnosis tend to have high risk of suicide or tempted suicide which justify his condition(2). AB has good insight about his condition which is very helpful in his prognosis. All he needs for him to get better is a strong motivation and good social support as well as family support(3). In this case, Hope House residential programme is a suitable place for him to undergo his rehab as their aim is to help people become abstinent from mood-altering substances and behaviours and improve the quality of their lives.The programme at Hope House is also designed so that residents learn to become responsible for their own recovery(4). In relation to his depression, antidepressant is the mainstay treatment for severe episodes, and it is proven that relapse is reduced if it is continued for six months after the end of the episode(5). Given that AB has suicidal ideation, it is important to have an on-going risk assessment in his management plan given that suicide is more common with people who suffer deppressive episode, alcohol dependence, and largely associated with lack of employment including both unemployment and retirement(6). References: 1.WHO. The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders: WHO; [cited 2014]. Clinical descriptions and diagnostic guidelines]. Available from: http://www.who.int/classifications/icd/en/bluebook.pdf. 2.Katheleen Wadell ISrt. Nurses experiences of caring for patients with a dual diagnosis of depression and alcohol abuse in a general psychiatric setting. 2007;2014. 3.Basant K. Puri IHT. Textbook of Psychiatry. In: Carole McMurray HL, editor. Textbook of Psychiatry. Third ed: Churchill Livingstone; 2011. p. 126. 4.House H. Hope House [cited 2014]. Available from: http://hopehousemayo.com/?page_id=23. 5.Basant K. Puri IHT. Textbook of Psychiatry. In: Carole McMurray HL, editor. Textbook of Psychiatry. Third ed: Churchill Livingstone; 2011. p. 157. 6.Basant K. Puri IHT. Textbook of Psychiatry. In: Carole McMurray HL, editor. Textbook of Psychiatry. Third ed: Churchill Livingstone; 2011. p. 166.

Tycho Brahe :: Essays Papers

Tycho Brahe Tycho Brahe provided a great deal of information to the science community and will never be forgotten. Brahe had a large influence on the Scientific Revolution and its happenings. Many people in the time of Brahe believed that what is discovered through the Scientific Revolution, about the world, is the truth. Also at this time people believed that the Bible or their faith would surely out weigh reason that was brought by the Scientific Revolution. The are many things that make up Tycho Brahe the person, like his family. Brahe’s family is of old and distinguished nobility. Members of Brahe’s family served the king and their country, in council and on the battlefield. 1 Tycho, the first born son to Otte and Beate Bille-Brahe, in December 1546. Tycho parents named him after his grandfather. Brahe’s childhood made also made up an important part of who he is. Brahe studied law and philosophy at the universities of Copenhagen and Leipzig. Each night after his long day of studies, Brahe would always be found looking at the stars in the night sky, before he went to bed. This some people would say, played a large role in what Brahe should do with his future. Brahe is said to be a colorful character when he is in school. "He allegedly challenged a fellow student to a duel with swords in a dispute over who was the better mathematician. Brahe's nose is partially cut off, and he was said to wear a gold and silver replacement upon which he would continually rub oil."2 After Brahe’s wonderful education he would begin his journey to find out more about the sky and all that is in it. In 1972 Brahe discovered a supernova in the constellation Cassiopeia. "Brahe's meticulous observations showed that the supernova did not change positions with respect to the other stars (no parallax). Therefore, it was a real star, not a local object."3 This is early evidence against the immutable nature of the heavens.4 "In 1577 his studies of a bright comet showed that it traversed the spheres of the planets, and was not an atmospheric exhalation or an ill omen. Both these phenomena contributed to growing dissatisfaction with the Aristotelian belief in the perfect and unchanging nature of the celestial spheres."5 Brahe spent most of his time traveling and lecturing about his discoveries that he would make.

Thin is Beautiful Essay -- Beauty and the Media

How many times have you looked in a magazine and envied the models pictured? Have you ever watched a TV show or a movie and wished you looked like one of the stars? Many teenage girls are often targeted by magazines, movies, and TV and are made to believe that â€Å"thin is beautiful†. The media has negatively affected teenage girls’ self-image. From sit-coms to magazines, thin, beautiful girls can be spotted, and this can cause a girl to feel that she is not thin enough to be accepted by society. Many shows on TV can cause a teenage girl’s self-image to be a very negative one; that she is too fat. Sit-coms are examples of this. On the hit TV show â€Å"Friends†, there are three thin, beautiful girls starring in it, who wear skimpy, stylish clothes, have beautiful hair, and always look gorgeous. In a few episodes, there are flashbacks to when Monica, one of the characters on the show, was in high school and was a little bit overweight. Monica’s friends on the show make fun of her because she was much heavier than she currently is. Surely, any girl who is slightly heavier will feel negative about her image because the â€Å"popular† and â€Å"cool† characters on the show are making fun of her weight. Most any other sit-com has the same gorgeous style of women. On Will & Grace for example, the star playing Grace has a beautiful slim body and flaunts it from time to time. On Dharma and Greg, the star also has a thin body and wears smaller clothe s as well. Search mostly any sit-com and surely,...

HRM Exam Question Essay

1. Explain the ways that recruitment can contribute to the implementation of Human Resource Strategy 2. Outline and explain the options to consider when designing a reward strategy. 3. Briefly compare and contrast the differences between the ‘best fit’ and the ‘resource based’ approaches to strategic human resource management. 4. Outline the main uses of competency models in Strategic Human Resource Management? 5. Explain what you understand by the terms ‘unitarist’ and ‘pluralist’ and their implications for employee relations strategies. 6. Outline and discuss the factors to consider when designing a retention strategy October —2013 1. Critically assess the strengths and weaknesses of ‘best practice’ models of HRM strategy? 2. Outline and discuss the main obstacles hindering or preventing HR departments from delivering strategic HRM 3. What should organisations consider when developing a reward strategy? 4. How can recruitment and selection processes contribute to strategic HRM? 5. Discuss the main features of a Learning Organisation. Why is it important in a strategic HRD approach to organising development? 6. Which mechanisms of employee involvement would you recommend using as part of your employee relations strategy and why? New 1. Explain three best fit’ models of HRM and outline the strengths and weaknesses of such approaches to ‘strategy? 2. What are the main elements of a reward strategy? 3. Specify the data that you would need to analyse the potential absence problems of an organization 4. How can recruitment and selection processes contribute to strategic HRM? 6. Which mechanisms of employee involvement or ‘employee voice’ would you recommend using and why? Section – b Question 1 Critically evaluate the role that performance management systems play in the delivery of SHRM. Discuss the main mechanisms used in PMS and explain the different options that can be used within them. Use organisational examples as appropriate to support your answer Question 2 Critically evaluate the factors to consider when designing a retention strategy. Question 3 How can you best define and explain the concept of Strategic Human Resource Development? How does it differ from the concept of training and what are the strategic choices that make up Strategic Human Resource Development? Question 4 Critically evaluate the options and strategic approaches required to design a ‘total reward’ system Section B Answer two questions – Section B is worth 60 marks (30 marks for each question) Question 1 Critically evaluate the role that performance management systems play in the delivery of SHRM. Discuss the main mechanisms used in PMS and explain the different options that can be used within them. Use organisational examples as appropriate to support your answer Question 2 For developmental activity to be deemed ‘strategic’ organisations need to shift the focus from a training’ to a ‘learning’ approach. Discuss this proposition in the context of development activity supporting individual and organisational change Question 3 Critically evaluate the use of competency based approaches in modern HR strategies. Explain in detail how they may be used in one specific area of HR such as performance management. Use organisational examples as appropriate to support your answer Question 4 Critically evaluate ONE of the following a)In what ways can HR strategies provide the level of organisational flexibility required by modern organisations? OR b)Should reward strategies always include an element of performance related pay. Justify your answer in relation to both theory and practise? Section B Answer two questions – Section B is worth 60 marks (30 marks for each question) Question 1 Critically evaluate the role that performance management systems play in the delivery of SHRM. Discuss the main mechanisms used in PMS and explain the different options that can be used within them. Use organisational examples as appropriate to support your answer (30 marks) Question 2 (30 marks) Question 3 Critically evaluate the use of competency based approaches in modern HR strategies. Explain in detail how they may be used in relation to EITHER Recruitment and selection OR Performance management Use organisational examples as appropriate to support your answer (30 marks) Question 4 Critically evaluate THREE of the following payment systems Individual performance related pay (merit pay) Time based pay Skills based pay Team based pay (30 marks)

Changes in China During the Sui, Tang, and Song Dynasties Essay

China’s development had started at a very early point in human history and continued to grow through millennium until the collapse of the Han Dynasty in 221. When China reunified it experienced political, social, and economical changes over a period of 700 years and 3 dynasties. Those dynasties were the Sui, Tang, and Song. The Sui Dynasty, founded by Yang Jian in 581, was responsible for unifying China for the first time in 400 years. The capital was re-established at Chang’an . Yang Jian turned Chinese religion from Confucianism to Buddhism and Daoism. The strength of both belief systems were evident as monasteries for both were built in the capital and Buddhist monks were appointed as key advisers in the government. A major accomplishment of the Sui Dynasty was the construction of the Grand Canal. The Canal linked the Yellow and Yangtze Rivers and provided for political, social, and economic uses. Politically, the Canal was used as an imperial highway for the emperor to inspect the kingdom and used as a means to rapidly deploy troops to the various provinces. The Canal was used socially for quick communications throughout the country. It also facilitated shipments of grains, rice, and other needed commodities from rural south China to the over-populated northern region. The Sui Dynasty came to an end in 618 after Emperor Sui Yangdi’s murder. Li Yuan, a general under the Sui, took control of the empire during the instability that followed the murder and established the Tang Dynasty. The Tang Dynasty began in 618 and continued to build on the accomplishments of the Sui. The main feature of the Tang was the expansion of the Chinese empire. The Dynasty expanded their influence over the area south of the Yangtze River and took control of Tibet. The Xinjiang province was established in the northwestern section of the empire. Significant diplomatic and economic relations began between China and other country-states in Southeast Asia. Chang’an had been restored to its former self as the population numbered 2,000,000 and goods from all over the world were bountiful. The Tang reintroduced civil service exams to the empire. The candidates for civil service were all male and came from the rural gentry class. Those who successfully completed the exam were referred to as scholar-gentry. Buddhism’s influence rose even more during the Tang and helped China reached a pinnacle for poetry and sculpture. Silk Road trade increased dramatically under the Tang, although maritime trade still played a critical role in the empire’s economy. Even through all of these accomplishments, the Tang created their own demise. Various problems arose from inside the central government and eventually lead to a revolt. The revolution was suppressed but China never fully recovered. The government control of the landlords had significantly weakened and the nomads north of China saw their opportunity to invade. These factors along with a speculated drought lead to the end of the Tang Dynasty in 907. China entered a period of turmoil after the end of the Tang Dynasty, similar to the period that occurred in between the Han and Sui Dynasties. The only difference is that the period after the Tang did not last as long. In 960, Song Taizu managed to sign the majority of the military commanders that brought an end to the Tang into a cooperative agreement. The commanders in the northwestern region and in Tibet did not take part in the cooperative. China lost its control over Tibet as a result. Song Taizu decided to move the capital to Kaifeng to decrease the risk of a hostile takeover of the capital. The Khitan people from the north were unable to be contained which lead to Song Taizu moving the capital again, this time further south to Hangzhou. Civil service exams initiated during the Tang came to full fruition under the Song. Buddhism lost its power and influence to give rise to State Confucianism. Private commerce was a major aspect of the Song Dynasty and allowed for greater economic expansion and prosperity. All was well until the Jurchen from Manchuria forced the Song Dynasty to pay tributes. As a means of protection and retaliation against the Jurchen, the Song formed an alliance with the nomadic people from the Gobi Desert, the Mongols. After the Mongols defeated the Jurchen they turned their attention towards and conquered the Song Dynasty in 1279. The Sui, Tang, and Song Dynasties built on top of each other for a better version of traditional China. They also each single-handedly made a contribution to the development of the country as a whole. The Sui had the Great Canal, the Tang developed the diplomatic relations, and the Song expanded economically. All of three dynasties and their accomplishments helped lay the ground for today’s China.

Nursing as Discipline Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Nursing as Discipline - Essay Example The United States is fairly regarded as the pioneer in nursing profession and science – the creation of the Associate Degree nursing programs in the U.S. marked a new stage in the evolution of nursing as discipline (Northrup et al 2004). Today, nursing is well-recognized as a discipline and profession (Tzeng & Yin 2007). University education is the basic prerequisite for preparing professional nurses, who are able to make wise professional judgments, pursue continuous education, and use their knowledge to expand the boundaries of the nursing profession. So, what is nursing discipline? A discipline is usually defined as â€Å"a community of interest that is organized around the accumulated knowledge of an academic or professional group† (Monti & Tingen 1999, p.64). The discipline of nursing is complex, and it describes and explores the complexity of the human caring paradigms and successfully balances the art and science of nursing (Monti & Tingen 1999). Within the nursi ng discipline, art helps to answer questions related directly to the profession, whereas science is expected to add to the body of academic knowledge related to human caring (Monti & Tingen 1999). The metaparadigm is a unique aspect of the nursing discipline, which describes concepts and themes that are directly related to the nursing profession and different nursing from other professions and disciplines (Monti & Tingen 1999). The metaparadigm also promotes, reflects, and describes â€Å"the shared beliefs and values of the nursing discipline† (Monti & Tingen 1999). These may include but are not limited to caring and respect, autonomy and beneficence, health promotion and ethical conduct (Monti &... This paper approves that the postmodern research paradigm can provide successful explanations and recommendations to the multiple realities in nursing. Postmodernism helps to revalue patient and nurses’ experiences and insights. Postmodernism allows demystifying the existing nursing practice discourse and rejects the established universals, opening new research and scientific frontiers. This report makes a conclusion that the past decades were marked with the emergence of new, complex research paradigms that â€Å"contribute to the development of nursing as an academic discipline and knowledge†. In the nursing discipline, knowing manifests in three different forms: personal reflection, technical understanding, and a cognitive process. Simply stated, knowing in nursing is a unique combination of objective, scientific and personal features. Given that knowing in nursing is all about personal transformation, reflection, and experience, no single research paradigm can help to develop a sound system of academic and practical knowledge in nursing. Personal reflection is unique; and so is nursing knowledge. Simultaneously, science and discipline is always objectives and unbiased. This gap between experience and science is not easy to close, but nursing is a discipline of multiple perspectives. Reductionism and CST, feminism and postmodernism are just some of many research paradigms that can contribute to nursing knowledge.

The household in the economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

The household in the economy - Essay Example We will also look at the evidence and the various theoretical and methodological issues related to household economy. In the pre-industrial era, the household was a unit of production as compared to a modern household which is a unit of consumption in (Kertzer, 1991). According to Kertzer, â€Å"In a household-as-labour-unit model, the composition of the household is a product of the labour demands of the economic operation, whether it be a farm or a protoindustrial home workshop.† In the pre-industrial times the agricultural land formed the main source of income. This was true even in the case of landless labourers. As such, the economy of the household and indeed its structure also revolved around the land. In countries, like France, where impartible inheritance was a custom, the households tended to be complex family systems. When France banned impartible inheritance in nineteenth century, it led to a progressive decline of the complex family households. Similarly, different inheritance systems in different parts of Europe led to formation of different household systems throughout Europe. In these types of land based agricultural households, the women did not have much say in decision making. Household labour was almost entirely borne by the women while men concentrated on farming. With the advent of the industrial era, things began to change even in predominantly agricultural areas. The farmers whose lands were located closer to the urban areas could no longer be considered â€Å"as â€Å"peasants†, but as market oriented entrepreneurs. Before 1770s, textiles were mainly produced within the household. But with industrialization, these labour intensive jobs moved out of the household and into the factories. On the other hand, the farmers who were producing milk were directly supplying it to the towns like Lancashire and Manchester. This led to the prosperity of farming households. Most of these successful farms were very small (upto 5 acres), and yet profitable

Reaction Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Reaction - Movie Review Example The training video covers array of issues including effective communication. Effective communication is an important factor in the development of powerful and effective groups. Communication within the groups is vital because it facilitates the development of harmony and understanding. Several factors affect communication within the groups by affecting the characters and behaviors of the team. The understanding of the problems affecting cross cultural communication and working towards overcoming the problems will ensure successful group development. Language use is important for the development of effective group. The language variation in the various conversations that took place is significant. The age, relationship and nature of conversation changes the language used. For official conversation, the use of a higher degree of politeness and well-structured sentences is vital. The conversation between friends such as the Facebook chat has a level simple and casual language use. The degree on for gestures use in the conversation on the street is high due to the age and the desire for need of emphasis by the use of gestures. The effective nature of training will be reflected on the way employees communicate. Training on issues of communication and development of implementation plan will facilitate faster growth of the organization. The coverage of the movies is accurate and effective because it addresses the various challenges in human resource field. In fact, it covers up-to implementation of training schedules with the focus be ing on the various training models, which include; - on-job training, lectures, programmed learning, audiovisual, simulated and distance training. The implementation of the set training modules depends on the ability of the HR to understand the needs of the organization. In addition, the challenge of training is presented in the video effectively through sequenced presentation in the video. The video presents ideas using

Power & Privilege Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Power & Privilege - Essay Example With an eye towards balancing a calculation with relativity, I think a good working definition of poverty is the one Bagdikian offers. As for Ehrenreich’s writings, I found them to be interesting and evocative, but not particularly surprising. It doesn’t take an MIT graduate to figure out that $7.00/hr. for 40 hours a week isn’t going to buy three dollar-per-gallon gasoline while paying rent and groceries. Q2: What makes a person disabled? Similarly to defining poverty, disability can take both an objective and a subjective form. A person with a physical or mental condition that prevents them from functioning in a â€Å"normal† way is disabled. That said, however, it is far easier to recognize an individual imprisoned in a wheelchair than one locked up in her own mental hell; yet both are equally hampered when it comes to interacting with the community. As for my personal observations, the thing I dislike the most is the way that those with obvious disabilities are ignored in social settings, and the way those with cognitive function disabilities are mocked behind their backs. I have seen people in a crowded room act like the person in the wheel chair is not even there. I think everyone has seen people make fun of the mentally retarded. If I put myself in their place, I think I would want to be treated with the same respect and dignity as any other human being. Even if I am in a wheel chair, at least look at me and acknowledge my presence. Talk to me; introduce yourself. You know I am disabled, and I know I am disabled, but I am not invisible.

Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 24

Case Study Example It commanded 7.6% of the market. Secondly, according to the case, Eskimo pie had at least one of its products in 98% of the grocery stores located across the United States. As such, this has considerable implications in determining the worth of Eskimo pie. Therefore, Eskimo’s market presence and market share across the United States commands a better higher price than what is estimated by Goldman. Having a larger market share and presence in any industry gives the company an edge over its competitors. Therefore, it should deserve and attract a higher premium than what was offered by Goldman and Nestle. Past performance is vital when estimating the value of Eskimo pie. Since 1987, the company’s net sales increased by over 50 % ((17198-30769) Ã · 30, 769). Subsequently, profits of the company increased by over 1300% over the same period ((2526-171) Ã ·171). This is according to the data depicted in Exhibit 1. There are many reasons a company might want to acquire another company. The primary reason nestle wanted to acquire Eskimo Pie was to possess and establish a stronger and robust position or presence in the frozen novelty market. According to the case, nestle owns drumsticks. I can take this to mean that maybe nestle owns other frozen novelties, but the case does not specify or mention any. By purchasing Eskimo pie, nestle would be a frontrunner in the industry by having a larger presence. There are potential synergies to be gained from acquiring Eskimo pie. This is because of the involvement of nestle in the frozen novelties too. In my opinion, Eskimo is worth more to nestle as an acquisition than as a stand-alone company. This is due to the following reasons. Most of the workforce and management of Eskimo pie would not be needed in order to avoid duplication of duties. Since the products of Eskimo and nestle target and go to the same market, the distribution costs of nestle would b e nearly eliminated. Additionally, the marketing expenditure will drop. I

Characteristics Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Characteristics - Term Paper Example This is the micro perspective which is embedded in its psychological genesis and emphasizes the fact that there are individual variations in attributes which impact individual responses (Klein & Kozlowski). Neither perspective is enough alone (Michalski & Tecuci, 1994, p.381). Aggregate perspective tends to ignore individual differences that make a person behave the way he does. A mere focus on aggregate characteristics poses risk of showiness and worthlessness in the organizational culture. Contrarily, when only individual level attributes are considered, this tends to ignore contextual aspects that lead to collective responses. Thus, aggregate perspectives lead to misspecifications because there is no generalization of lower levels which makes it impossible to formulate a meaningful policy. Also, individual-level perspectives lead to problems formulating human resource management policies. Hence, a combined approach is required that integrates both the perspectives (Cameron, Sutton & Whetten, 1988). References Cameron, K.S., Sutton, R.I., Whetten, D.A. (1988). Readings in Organizational Decline: Frameworks, Research, and Prescriptions.

Dance - Girl Essay Example for Free

Dance Girl Essay Dance, Girl, Dance is a film from the Classical Hollywood period that presents a complicated reading when viewed through a feminist lens. The 1940 film was directed by Dorothy Arzner, one of the most notable female directors and the only prominent woman in Hollywood at that time. Arzner presents her audience with an array of female characters, the main characters being Judy O’brien and Bubbles/Tiger Lily White. Judy is a dedicated dancer, honing her talents as a ballerina. Bubbles, on the other hand, uses her looks and sexuality to land jobs as a burlesque dancer. Dance, Girl, Dance reveals these characters’ experience in a dance troupe with several other girls. When the troupe disbands, Bubbles comes to offer Judy a humiliating job as her stooge. As tensions rise, the two eventually come to blows, quite literally, when both fall for the same man, Jimmy Harris. Through their relationship with each other and with men, a dynamic is defined that gives insight into the power of the male gaze and sexual politics, not only in the film but also in society at large in the context of 1930s America. This can be seen in the analysis of a particular scene near the beginning of the film. Judy and one of her roommates, Sally, are preparing for bed after their performance at the nightclub in the opening scene. Bubbles, their third roommate, arrives at home after a disappointing outing with Jimmy. This scene specifically highlights the contrast between the personalities of Judy and Bubbles, and speaks to the many ways female characters are coded based on their sexuality and appearance. The analysis of the scene begins at the moment Bubbles enters the room. She comes into the frame through the doorway in a medium shot. It is important to note her costume, as it speaks to her character. She is wearing makeup, jewelry, a fox fur stole around her shoulders and a feathered hat. One may get the impression that she is trying to look as glamorous or ostentatious as possible on her limited budget. At this point, Bubbles has already been partly established as a brash woman who does not shy away from her ability to attract men. This can be contrasted with Judy’s costume during this scene, modest button-up pajamas. The scene continues as Bubbles enters the tiny apartment. She turns on the light, when Judy whispers that Sally is asleep from off camera. Bubbles leaves the light on, looks down at Sally in the bed, and proceeds to loudly close the door while muttering â€Å"So, what? † As she delivers her dialogue, the camera follows her as she walks to her bed, panning over to include Judy in a two shot. One key element in this simple interaction is the difference of attitude toward female solidarity between Bubbles and Judy. Judy obviously cares to not disturb Sally, while Bubbles seems disappointed and only concerned with her own problems at this point. Then, the camera cuts to a close shot of Sally lying in bed, smiling and clearly awake. She then closes her eyes and continues to try and sleep, rendering her unimportant to the rest of the scene. The next cut brings us back to a long, two shot of Bubbles and Judy as they discuss what happened to Bubbles that evening. Bubbles is explaining how she had gone out with Jimmy, but he suddenly left her at the bar after giving her a little stuffed bull. In this shot, Bubbles is in the foreground, a little closer to the camera than Judy, making her appear slightly larger. This could be interpreted as signifying her social dominance over Judy, and the fact that she â€Å"stole† Jimmy from Judy earlier that evening. Bubbles dismissively tosses the bull onto a chair in front of Judy. Judy picks it up, stating â€Å"It’s cute. † Bubbles tells her that she can have it. The audience is clearly meant to get the impression that the token of the night has no significance to Bubbles, and she is merely disappointed that she could not add Jimmy to her list of men to dote on her occasionally. The camera stays stationary as Bubble walks to the background of the shot and sits on her bed. Judy gently places the bull back on the chair, already showing signs of her eventual fetishization of the bull and Jimmy. Then, she continues to bend and stretch her legs, as Bubbles pouts behind her. It is interesting to point out that as Judy resumes her exercises, she has gained the â€Å"high ground† of the shot. The reminder of her status as a dancer, a more artful and talented dancer than Bubbles, means she is the larger, more significant character in the frame now. The focus has moved from Bubbles proficiency as a female spectacle, completely at home under the male gaze, to Judy’s proficiency as a ballerina, with no real concern for superficial male attention. Then, this is reinforced when there is a cut to a medium shot of Bubbles, looking at Judy. The camera follows Bubbles line of sight and there is a quick cut to a medium shot of Judy, then it reverses back to the shot of Bubbles on her bed, shaking her head. She says, â€Å"I’ll say one thing for you, Pavlova. You’ve certainly got ambition, even if it’s dumb. † As she says this, Judy’s foot briefly enters from the side of the frame as she kicks her leg. Once again, Bubbles is coded as having no passion for her craft as a dancer, seeing it as a means to an end of attracting men and/or making money, while Judy genuinely loves to dance. One way of reading the film is through the suggestion that Judy’s ballet is high art, while Bubbles’ burlesque is low art. In the world of the Dance, Girl, Dance, women utilizing their sexuality for physical and financial gratification given by men is deemed less valuable than artistic expression. What follows is a short series of counter shots between the two, as Bubbles ponders how she will get back to New York, going through her list of male suitors to find a solution to her dilemma. On a surface level, this shows that Bubbles needs men to get where she is going, whether it is for a trip to New York or a trip to stardom as they buy tickets to her shows later in the film. The scene comes to a close as Bubbles decides on Sam, the traveling salesman that is â€Å"sweet on her. † As this line is delivered, there is a quick cut to Judy whipping her head around to look back at Bubbles. Judy has an expression on her face that is hard to describe, but it gets across the fact that her reality is very different from that of Bubbles’. Judy goes on to ask if there will be room for Sally, as the camera tracks Bubbles while she walks to the bathroom. As the camera stops tracking, it stops in a medium shot of Bubbles as she eventually replies, â€Å"†¦ All right, she can go, but don’t blame me. That guy’s got more arms than an octopus. † There is a cut to a close shot of Sally in bed with a wide-eyed, nervous expression as she quickly lifts up her head and plops back down. Like Judy, her reality is very different from the reality of the dynamic Bubbles, and the possibility of encountering a man from that reality seems to frighten her. After the last cut of the scene, it ends on a medium shot of Judy picking up the stuffed bull once again and smiling at it fondly. This emphasizes the fact Judy is not asexual and clearly is developing feelings for Jimmy. Although, Judy seems to have a more deep, emotional connection to Jimmy than Bubbles has for her various men. Judy only became interested in Jimmy after he helped the girls at the nightclub and talked with her earlier in the film. Her interest is not based solely on what he can provide to her. The differences in costume, behavior and motivation between Bubbles and Judy are relevant to a larger scope of the film involving sex and gender politics. For all of the above reasons found in the formal elements of the film’s visual and narrative composition, Bubbles is coded as superficial, purely physical and vapid. On the other hand, Judy is given much more value and depth. While Bubbles goes on to find success by exploiting her good looks, Judy is the winner in the end, when she lands her position in the ballet company and achieves her dreams. In this way, the film is sending a message that female self-worth is not derived from male approval or reaffirming of beauty, but from accomplishment of what are considered to be more substantial goals.